Testosterone can be delivered through injections, gel, or patches and will gradually yield physical, sexual, emotional, and reproductive changes. But it’s much more common in older men, because testosterone decreases with age; roughly half of men over age 80 have low levels of the hormone. Elevated testosterone has been linked to lower cognitive empathy, the ability to recognize what another person is thinking and feeling, in numerous studies. Scientifically establishing a direct link between testosterone levels and aggression has proved difficult. The sex hormone testosterone plays a more significant role in the life of a male, but it is present in both sexes to some degree. We thereby provide supportive preliminary evidence for hormonal and neural mechanisms underlying emotional intelligence in preadolescence. Lateralization of brain structure or functions was clearly demonstrated to be causally related to prenatal testosterone (Beking et al. 2018). Numerous experiments and studies were done on testosterone and autism, but we still do not know its true role in this mysterious disorder and neither letrozole, nor flutamide, not any other androgen-modulating drug has been tested in ASD. The intense and long-lasting research on testosterone and the brain has brought insights into many aspects of physiology, but also into pathogenesis of diseases and, thus, into clinical medicine far beyond basic clinical endocrinology (Petering and Brooks 2017). In experimental studies, gonadectomy and subsequent testosterone supplementation are often used (Domonkos et al. 2018). Hormone therapy or lifestyle adjustments that help maintain testosterone within a beneficial range could potentially enhance emotional intelligence. This suggests that testosterone, within an optimal range, might facilitate social bonding and leadership skills, which are integral to emotional intelligence. These findings suggest that testosterone may play a dual role in emotional intelligence. However, at very high levels of testosterone, there was a noticeable decline in the ability to manage emotions effectively. The authors concluded that too low or too high testosterone concentrations may be disadvantageous for fluid intelligence. They studied the relationship between serum total testosterone and fluid intelligence in young men and women. Tan and Tan (1998) proposed a curvilinear correlation between total testosterone and fluid intelligence in men and women. Besides abovementioned metabolism of testosterone that might end in activation of estrogen rather than androgen receptors, the association between outcomes and testosterone concentrations is not linear. Frontal cortical regions are part of those neural networks that are under the influence of androgens including testosterone (Bramen et al. 2012). A connection of exogenous testosterone and emotional reactivity in the insula has been found in past research for women listening to emotional sounds (Bos et al., 2010). For this, 30 pictures each in 4 emotional categories (positive, negative, neutral and sexual) were taken from the International Affective Picture System (Lang et al., 2008) and the internet. This study provides the first investigation of the relationship between HTC and emotion processing neuroimaging data. Bos et al. (2010) found that testosterone increased neural response of the insula to emotional sounds. High testosterone levels have also been linked with increased reactivity to negative faces in prefrontal regions, in particular the OFC (Hermans et al., 2008) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex ( Stanton et al., 2009). Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions, as well as the emotions of others. During the luteal phase, which occurs after ovulation, both testosterone and estrogen levels increase. While it is true that women typically have lower levels of testosterone compared to men, they still have it present in their bodies. Emotional intelligence, commonly referred to as EQ, is the ability to understand and manage our own emotions, as well as recognize and understand the emotions of others. Men can also work on developing their empathy skills, which involve understanding and responding to others' emotions. Herve et al. (2009) tested 409 adolescents (12–18) and found that, in boys, there was a positive association between bioavailable testosterone and apparent gray matter density of the putative coriticospinal tract (even when controlling for age), but no such association in girls. Grey matter volume (GMV) of the amygdala correlated positively with testosterone, specifically in the older boys of the sample. Conversely, when levels of midlife testosterone in men are correlated with regional density in later life, larger gray matter volumes in frontal and parietal regions, and smaller occipital volumes are seen. Left deactivation was specific to the SFA, with the contributing studies consisting of a task that contrasted angry vs. neutral faces in a male sample (Stanton et al. 2009), and a task in which both men and women viewed positive vs. neutral faces (Ackermann et al. 2012). Therefore, we hypothesised that there might be functional differences in subregions of the parahippocampal/amygdala complex (see Terburg and van Honk 2013). The populations differed in health/pathology, age, sex, and time of testosterone level assessment (sometimes many years before scanning, sometimes via amniocentesis).